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Be prepared for all weathers, and be sure to bring a waterproof jacket and umbrella, even in summer. In winter, you will need a warm coat and sweater. Formal dress is rarely obligatory, but people do dress up for the opera as well as for some theatrical shows and smart restaurants. If you are coming in summer bring sunscreen as London sun can be strong.

For security, bring a cash card or traveller’s cheques. Check that your cash withdrawal card is acceptable in the UK – most are. Bring some British currency to pay for fares and immediate needs on arrival. There is no restriction on how much currency you can bring in or take out of the country (see Banking).

A valid passport is needed to enter the UK. Visitors from the EU, Commonwealth countries and the US do not need a visa. Always check with the British Embassy in your country. Contact your London-based embassy if you need to extend your stay beyond six months.

Apart from firearms, plants and perishable foods, there are few limits on what may be brought into the UK for personal use. If you need regular medicine, bring adequate supplies and/or a prescription with you.

Take out an insurance policy that covers loss of baggage, theft and health. Although emergency treatment is usually free from the National Health Service, and there are reciprocal arrangements with other EU countries, specialist care, drugs and repatriation are costly.

If you are planning to drive in the UK and you are an EU citizen, be sure to bring your licence as well as registration and insurance documents. Also inform your insurance company of the trip. Other foreign nationals require an international drivers licence.

Don’t forget to set your watch to Greenwich Mean Time for the UK, which is one hour behind Continental European Time and five hours ahead of US Eastern Seaboard Time. From March to September clocks go forward an hour (“summer time”).

Throughout the UK, the electricity supply is 240 volts AC. Plugs are of a three-square-pin type, so buy an adaptor before leaving home. Most hotels have two-pin sockets in their bathrooms for use with shavers only.

Planning ahead when travelling with young children can make a trip more enjoyable. Avoid travelling by public transport during peak hours. Book tickets in advance, and bring a fold-up stroller.

Bring any membership cards for driving or heritage organizations with links to the UK, such as the Automobile Association or National Trust, that offer discounts at many attractions. A student ISIC card (see Travel)is also useful.