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Picasso (1881–1973) painted Les Demoiselles d’Avignon in 1907 while living at the Bateau-Lavoir. It is regarded as the painting which inspired the Cubism movement, which he launched with fellow residents Georges Braque and Juan Gris.

The Catalan painter (1904–89) came to Paris in 1929 and held his first Surrealist exhibition that year. He kept a studio in Montmartre, and his work is now celebrated in the Espace Montmartre Salvador Dalí.

The Dutch genius (1853–90) lived on the third floor of 54 rue Lepic. Many of his paintings were inspired by the Moulin de la Galette windmill.

Renoir (1841–1919) is another artist who found inspiration in the Moulin de la Galette, when he lived at 12 rue Cortot. For a time he laid tables at Au Lapin Agile.

Manet (1832–83) spent a lot of time in Montmartre and scandalized the art world with his paintings of nudes, including the famous Olympia (see Olympia).

Utrillo (1883–1955) often painted the Auberge de la Bonne-Franquette, an atmospheric depiction of old Montmartre. His mother was the artist Suzanne Valadon and they both lived at 12 rue Cortot, now the Musée de Montmartre.

More than any other artist, Toulouse-Lautrec (1864–1901) is associated with Montmartre for his sketches and posters of dancers at the Moulin Rouge and other dance halls. They epitomize the era to this day (see Jane Avril Dancing).

The painter Dufy (1877–1953) lived at Villa Guelma on the boulevard de Clichy from 1911 to 1953, when he was at the height of his career.

The Italian painter (1884–1920) and sculptor arrived in Paris in 1906, when he was 22, and was greatly influenced by Toulouse-Lautrec and the other artists on the Montmartre scene.

Edgar Degas was born in Paris in 1834 and lived in the city for the whole of his life, most of the time in Montmartre. He died here in 1917 and is buried in the Montmartre cemetery (see Cimetière de Montmartre).