Golden Gate Bridge
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As with most of the world’s wonders, many said that the Golden Gate Bridge could never be built – the span was too wide, the ocean too powerful and deep, and the cost too great. But to many more, the Golden Gate, the name John Fremont gave the splendid strait in 1844 (see Top 10 Historic Figures), demanded the realization of its dream bridge. In 1872, railroad tycoon Charles Crocker first conceived the idea, but it took a visionary engineer, Joseph Strauss, to put forth a realistic proposal in 1921. After 10 years of opposition from all quarters, funding was finally secured from A.P. Giannini, founder of the Bank of America (see Top 10 Historic Figures). The bridge opened in 1937, and has been an emblem of San Francisco and America’s icon on the Pacific ever since.
The orange color was actually the original rust-proof undercoat, but it complements the natural setting so well that it was kept. Pedestrians may access the east sidewalk 5am–9pm daily. In-line skaters and skateboards are not allowed.
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1. Deco Style
1. Deco StyleThe bridge owes its striking style to the consulting architects Irving F. Morrow and his wife Gertrude. They simplified the pedestrian railings to uniform posts placed far enough apart to allow an unobstructed view.
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2. Maintenance
Repairing and painting the bridge is an ongoing task. The paint protects it from the high salt content in the air, which corrodes the steel components.
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3. Fort Point Lookout
3. Fort Point LookoutOn the city side stands an 1861 fort. This spot provides a view of the soaring underside of the structure and the pounding waters of the ocean.
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4. Marin Vista Point
4. Marin Vista PointCrossing from the San Francisco side, pull off just before you reach the end of the bridge and take in the startling panorama from the specially constructed Vista Point and look back at the hills and spires of the city. If there’s fog, note how the bridge’s tower tops disappear in the mist.
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5. Star Turns in Movies
The bridge has starred in many movies, most notably Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo , in which James Stewart pulls Kim Novak from the raging surf, just east of Fort Point (see Top 10 Movies Set in San Francisco). In the James Bond movie, A View To A Kill , Grace Jones and 007 battle it out, both of them clinging to the bridge’s aerial heights.
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6. Protective Barriers
6. Protective BarriersThe Golden Gate Bridge is the number one spot in the world for suicides. As yet there are no effective preventative barriers but there are bars for general safety.
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7. Building the Bridge
Joseph Strauss introduced the use of hard hats, goggles, and safety belts for the first time, as well as a vast safety net under the bridge, which saved 19 workers.
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8. Bridge Celebrations
The bridge opened on May 28, 1937, with some 200,000 pedestrians. Fifty years later, on May 24, 1987, the ritual was repeated with about 300,000 people.
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9. Hiking and Biking
No visit to San Francisco would be complete without a walk or bike-ride across at least part of the bridge.
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10. Toll System
10. Toll SystemBeginning May 28, 1937, the toll to cross the bridge was 50 cents each way, with a 5-cent charge if a car had more than three passengers. The toll is currently $2.50 per axle, only charged to city-bound traffic.
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