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An ancient river carved out this gorge, which is now an open-air park with good walks and climbs. The cliff sides are hollowed out to form ancient tombs of religious hermits; in one cave is a Byzantine fresco of the Madonna.

The river’s source is a pool formed by the tears of Cyane, who tried to prevent Persephone’s abduction into the underworld. The river banks are thick with papyrus. Take a boat tour past the Olympieion.

This tiny town in the middle of the Monte Iblei has narrow streets lined with palaces, churches and residences. Note the typical homes, with low doors, to protect against cold winter winds.

This little fishing village grew up around the tonnara (tuna fishery) and villa of the noble Villadorata family. The old village remains, but with the addition of modern resort features including popular nightclubs.

To the northwest of Noto lie the evocative ruins of the pre-earthquake town. Built on an arid, limestone ridge, the site commands views of the Ragusan plain and Mount Etna. Under the hot Sicilian sun, purple thistle and sundried herbs perfume the air.

Built in the 6th century BC and set amid cypress trees, two of the temple’s 42 columns remain standing.

The wealthy families of Modica built elaborate summer homes in the countryside. Drives lead to walled villas with grand façades, courtyards and elegant gardens.

The reserve’s maquis supports thyme, rosemary and juniper; the wetlands host migratory birds. Depending on the season, watch for herons, egrets and flamingoes.